Recent mitochondrial lineage extinction in the critically endangered Javan rhinoceros
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Recent mitochondrial lineage extinction in the critically endangered Javan rhinoceros. / Margaryan, Ashot; Sinding, Mikkel Holger S.; Shanlin, L. I.U.; Vieira, Filipe Garrett; Chan, Yvonne L.; Nathan, Senthilvel K.S.S.; Moodley, Yoshan; Bruford, Michael W.; P. Gilbert, M. Thomas.
In: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Vol. 190, No. 1, 2020, p. 372-383.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Recent mitochondrial lineage extinction in the critically endangered Javan rhinoceros
AU - Margaryan, Ashot
AU - Sinding, Mikkel Holger S.
AU - Shanlin, L. I.U.
AU - Vieira, Filipe Garrett
AU - Chan, Yvonne L.
AU - Nathan, Senthilvel K.S.S.
AU - Moodley, Yoshan
AU - Bruford, Michael W.
AU - P. Gilbert, M. Thomas
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - The Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus) is one of five extant rhinoceros species and among the rarest large mammals on Earth. Once widespread across Southeast Asia, it is now on the verge of extinction, with only one wild population remaining (estimated at ~60 individuals) on the island of Java, Indonesia. To assess the past genetic diversity of the female lineage of R. sondaicus, we generated mitochondrial genome data from eight museum specimens dating back to the 19th century, before the range of the Javan rhinoceros was dramatically reduced, for comparison against mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of current R. sondaicus and other rhinoceros species. We succeeded in reconstructing five full and three partial ancient mitogenomes from the eight samples. We used BEAST to assess the phylogenetic relationship of the five extant rhinoceros species and the historical samples. The results show that the oldest and most diverse mtDNA lineages of R. sondaicus are found in historical samples, indicating a significant reduction of mtDNA diversity in modern Javan rhinos. We anticipate that the newly sequenced data will represent a useful resource for improving our understanding of evolutionary history of this species, should future studies be able to increase the available dataset. We hope this information may help in conservation efforts for this species.
AB - The Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus) is one of five extant rhinoceros species and among the rarest large mammals on Earth. Once widespread across Southeast Asia, it is now on the verge of extinction, with only one wild population remaining (estimated at ~60 individuals) on the island of Java, Indonesia. To assess the past genetic diversity of the female lineage of R. sondaicus, we generated mitochondrial genome data from eight museum specimens dating back to the 19th century, before the range of the Javan rhinoceros was dramatically reduced, for comparison against mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of current R. sondaicus and other rhinoceros species. We succeeded in reconstructing five full and three partial ancient mitogenomes from the eight samples. We used BEAST to assess the phylogenetic relationship of the five extant rhinoceros species and the historical samples. The results show that the oldest and most diverse mtDNA lineages of R. sondaicus are found in historical samples, indicating a significant reduction of mtDNA diversity in modern Javan rhinos. We anticipate that the newly sequenced data will represent a useful resource for improving our understanding of evolutionary history of this species, should future studies be able to increase the available dataset. We hope this information may help in conservation efforts for this species.
KW - Ancient DNA
KW - Diversity
KW - DNA
KW - Endangered
KW - Javan rhino
KW - Mitochondrial
KW - Rhinoceros sondaicus
KW - Rhinos
U2 - 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa004
DO - 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa004
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85092927580
VL - 190
SP - 372
EP - 383
JO - Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
JF - Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
SN - 0024-4082
IS - 1
ER -
ID: 258766517